Showing posts with label Health. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Health. Show all posts

Wednesday, August 15, 2007

Doctors Failing Patients - Empowering Self Esteem Or Being A Victim, Better Ways For Self & Community & World

Doctors Failing Patients - Empowering Self Esteem Or Being A Victim, Better Ways For Self & Community & World

Empowering Self Esteem Or Being A Victim
Better Ways For Self, Community & World

Gary Null radio interview of Emmett Miller, MD Monday's program 8/13/2007

Download

Other programs are here:
http://garynull.ws/

Recent book Deep Healing, http://drmiller.com/

Stop listening to the cult of professionals. Mastering excuses or mastering solutions - takes the same energy.

Labels: Self Esteem, Doctors, Medicine, Health, Empowering, Victim
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Sunday, August 12, 2007

Safer plastics: #2HDPE, #4LDPE, and #5PP | AVOID #3 PVC, #6 PS - Styrofoam, and #7 Other (Usually Polycarbonate)

Plastic Containers
http://www.thegreenguide.com/reports/product.mhtml?id=44&sec=3

THE SOLUTIONS

What to look for

Safer plastics--#2HDPE, #4LDPE, and #5PP

When choosing plastic containers, even those you'll use over and over again, choose those that are accepted for recycling in your area. Although #1 PETE is one of the most commonly recycled types, there are no containers designed for re-use made from it, and one should never re-use single-use #1 plastic bottles because their design doesn't lend itself to proper cleaning and the bottles can harbor bacterial growth. There are, however, a number of reusable containers made from another commonly recycled plastic, #2 HDPE.

Number #4 LDPE and #5PP plastics, although not as widely recycled, are also good choices since, as with #2, most research has not shown leaching of any carcinogens or endocrine disruptors. Some bread and frozen food bags and squeezable bottles are made out of #4 plastic and some ketchup bottles and yogurt and margarine tubs are manufactured from #5 plastic.

Biodegradable plastic

Recent technological developments have led to the developments of plastics made from corn. These corn-based resins are derived from various chemicals, one of them being polylactide (PLA), which is decomposed by bacteria when composted. While bags made of PLA look, feel and smell like normal plastic bags, in about twelve days, more than half the bag will have broken down, unlike conventional plastic bags, which can take up to 100 years to decompose.

The range of biodegradable plastic storage products is expanding within the commercial sector, and companies and consumers are quickly realizing the cost and environmental benefits of this type of packaging. In the States, the Wild Oats Market chain has replaced conventional plastic containers used for bulk foods with PLA containers. Recently, Biota water, Naturally Iowa dairy, Newman's Own and the natural foods retailer Earth Fare have begun using the PLA produced by Cargill Dow-offshoot NatureWorks LLC. While use and availability of these products is primarily in the commercial sector, their initial success suggests we can look forward to home products like food storage containers and plastic wrap in the near future. Currently, biodegradable garbage bags, disposable dinnerware--plates, cups, flatware and straws--are available for home use. For online retailers of biodegradable plastics, see "Resources."

For more information on biodegradable plastic, please see "How Safe are the New Green Plastics?" and "Plastics Graduate to Green."

Glass, Ceramic and Stoneware

Glass, ceramic and stoneware are the safest options when it comes to food packaging and storage because they do not leach any questionable chemicals when in contact with food. Unlike plastic recycling, which produces toxic chemicals, glass recycling is more environmentally friendly.

Seek out these glass, ceramic and stoneware products instead of plastic to ensure that your food will not come in contact with toxic chemicals when stored or heated:

Anchor Hocking Barrel Jar with Aluminum Lid Anchor Hocking Blue Cracker Jar
Anchor Hocking Georgian Canister
Anchor Hocking Heritage Hill Canister
Anchor Hocking Penny Candy Canister
Bormioli Fido Storage Jar
Bormioli Pitcher
Bormioli Round Storage Container
Bormioli Square Storage Container
Bormioli Rectangular Storage Container
Bormioli Storage Cylinder
Bormioli Save & Serve Plate
Clay Design Coffee Canister
Clay Design Popcorn Canister
Libbey Storage Bowl
Libbey Pumpkin Candy Jar
Pyrex Glass Food Storage Containers
Resourceful Products Mini Jar Canister

Aluminum and Stainless Steel

Food storage containers made of aluminum are an alternative to plastics because aluminum is recyclable, relatively inexpensive and offers even heating capability. However, aluminum extraction is extremely energy intensive, so reusing old pots is encouraged. Aluminum can sometimes react with certain foods or impact a metallic taste, so use them for storing foods with a low acid content.

Containers made from stainless steel are an environmentally friendly choice not only because the material is 100-percent recyclable but also because stainless steel is easy to clean without any harsh chemicals. Stainless steel is also inexpensive, attractive and will not react with foods during cooking.

When storing or heating foods, look for the following aluminum and stainless steel products. However, never use a microwave to heat food in metal containers. Doing so could spark a fire.

Corning Bowls
Correlle Bowls
Emily Henry Bowls
Gear County Bowls
Ingleman Bowls
Johnson Brothers Storage Jars
Johnson Brothers Bowls
Klean Kanteen's Stainless Steel Water Bottles
Klean Kanteen's To-Go Ware
Pillsbury Storage Jars
Pfaltzgraff Storage Jars
Reston Lloyd Bowls
Sigg's Stainless Steel Water Bottles
Wedgewood Bowls

What to look out for

Risky Plastics--#3 PVC, #6 PS, and #7 Other (Usually Polycarbonate)

Sometimes found in clear food packaging, #3 PVC, the second most commonly used plastic in the world, is a toxic plastic dangerous both to our health and to the environment. Its manufacture and incineration releases dioxins, a potent carcinogen and hormone disruptor. Vinyl chloride, the primary building block of PVC, is a known human carcinogen that also poses a threat to workers during manufacture.

In contact with foods, especially hot, fatty foods, PVC can also leach chemicals such as adipates and phthalates, which have been shown to cause birth defects and damage to the liver, kidneys, lungs and reproductive systems in mice. In addition, most community recycling programs do not accept PVC, so the vast majority of vinyl ends up in landfills or incinerators. While many companies have agreed to restrict or phase out PVC, we still have a long way to go before this "toxic" plastic is banned from use.

Polystyrene, #6 PS, is usually found in foam containers and cups and sometimes in clear disposable takeout containers, plastic cutlery and cups. It's best to avoid this plastic because PS may leach styrene into food it comes in contact with. Styrene, considered a possible human carcinogen by IARC, may also disrupt hormones or affect reproduction.

Polycarbonate (marked as #7), usually found in baby bottles, 5-gallon water bottles and the epoxy lining in food cans can leach BPA into liquids and foods. A study conducted at Prefectural University of Kumamoto, Japan, concluded that polycarbonate bottles containing hot liquids leach more BPA than new bottles.

Since 95 percent of all baby bottles currently on the market are made of polycarbonate, parents have a right to be concerned. The National Environmental Trust recommends switching to polycarbonate-free baby bottles, like those manufactured from glass or from #5 PP.

Plastics in the Microwave

While a "microwave-safe" or "microwavable" label on plastic containers only means that they shouldn't melt, crack or fall apart when used in the microwave, the label is no guarantee that containers don't leach chemicals into foods when heated. The USDA also warns on its website against microwaving in single-use containers not intended for that purpose, such as takeout platters and margarine tubs. According to the FDA, microwave-safe plastic wrap should be placed loosely over food so that the steam can escape and should not directly touch your food.

For safety's sake, it's best not to heat foods in plastic and use ovenproof glass or ceramic containers with covers. Never use plastic storage bags, grocery bags, newspapers or aluminum foil in the microwave.

Shopping Suggestions

Food Packaging and Storage, Cups, Plates, Utensils, Water Bottles

Better Plastics -
#2 HDPE, #4 LDPE, #5 PP

#2 HDPE

Betras USA Sport Bottles
Betras USA Nestable Quart
Betras LongNeck Bottles
Carlisle Store 'N Pour 4 Quart square
FMP Quart Bottle with lid and spout
Impact Stackrack Jug 5 Gal.
Nalgene Wide Mouth Round 1 Quart
Playtex Straw Cups
Tupperware FreezeSmart
Tupperware Ice Cube Tray
Tupperware Ice Tups Set
Tupperware Jel-Ring Mold

#4 LDPE

BestYet Clear Plastic Wrap
Bell Brand Athletic Squeeze Bottles (colors) Brita Fill & Go Water Filtration Bottle
Glad Cling Wrap
Glad Food Storage Bags
Glad Freezer Bags
Glad-Lock Bags
Glad Sandwich Bags
Hefty Baggies
Hefty OneZip Slider Bags
Saran Cling Plus
Ziploc Bags
Ziplock Double Guard Freezer Bags

#5 PP
Arrow Canteen
Arrow Colored Measuring Cups
Betras USA Monster Mugs
Betras USA Insulated Travel Mugs
Betras USA Thermo Mugs
C&K Manufacturing Flash Chill 2 Liter Plastic
The Container Store Tellfresh Snack Box
The Container Store Tellfresh Screw-Top
The Container Store Tellfresh Oblong
Gladware Containers (all)
Playtex Spill-Proof Cups (lids #2)
Rubbermaid (all food storage containers)
Rubbermaid Sipper Seal
Rubbermaid Chuggables Bottles
Rubbermaid Pitchers (colors)
Rubbermaid Sippin’ Sport Bottles
Sterilite (all containers, bowls, pitchers, tumblers)
Sweetheart Round Storage Containers
The Container Store Stack-N-Store Containers
The Container Store FreshDate Containers
The Container Store Rectangular Bulk Food Storage
Tupperware Bowls (all)
Tupperware Crystal Wave Microwave Containers
Tupperware Modular Mates
Tupperware Quick Shake Containers
Tupperware One Touch Reminder Canister
Ziploc Containers (all)
Ziploc Table Tops Bowls


AVOID THESE CAN BE TOXIC
#3 PVC
Arrow Clear View Pitcher
Arrow Sip-A-Mug (base only)
Arrow Sip-N-Stor Cups
Arrow Translucent Sip-A-Tumbler (base only)
Betras USA Clear Sport Bottles
Betras USA Swirl Bottles
Polyvinyl Films stretch-tite All-Purpose Food Wrap
Polyvinyl Films freeze-tite All-Purpose Food Wrap
Reynolds Wrap

#6 PS Styrofoam

All Styrofoam Cups and Containers
Arrow Clear Measuring Cups
Kingsmen Plastic Cutlery (Maryland Plastic)
Sweetheart Plastic Cutlery
Sweetheart Translucent Storage Containers
Sweetheart Translucent Plastic Cups
Ullman Bowls and Platters (all)
Wandas Expanding Bread Box

#7 Other (Usually Polycarbonate)
5-Gallon Bottles for Water Coolers (most)
Ashton Green Pitchers and Plastic Drinkware
Camwear Pitchers
Carlisle VersaPour Pitcher
Click Clack Classic White Storage Containers
Click Clack Airtight Accents Storage Containers
Rubbermaid Bouncer Rugged Plastic Pitcher
Rubbermaid Stain Shield Storage Containers
Strahl DaVinci Pitcher
Strahl Plates
Sweetheart Clear Storage Containers
Tango Pitchers and Glassware
Terrazza Unbreakable Plastic Tableware
Wombat Ware Pitchers and Glassware
Tupperware Rock ‘n Serve Containers



Baby/Kids' Items


Safer Plastics


Glass
Lamby Glass Baby Bottles
Evenflo Glass Baby Bottles

#4 LDPE
Playtex Disposable Baby Bottle Liners
Evenflo Baby Bottles (opaque, pastel)

#5 PP
Arrow Sip-A-Bowl
Avent Soft Spout Training Cups
Gerber Fashion Tint Bottles (colored)
Gerber Fun Grips Spill Proof Cups
Gerber ‘Lil Sport Bottles Spill Proof Cups
Medela Baby Cups
Medela Baby Bottles and Feeders
Sassy E-Z Grip Cups
Sassy E-Z Grip First Feeding Bowls
Sassy Ideal Temp Feeding Spoons
Sassy Less Mess Toddler Bowls
Sassy Less Mess Toddler Spoons
Sassy MAM Spill-Proof Cups
Sassy Temperature Sensitive Forks and Spoons
The First Years Peek-A-Boo Cups
The First Years Tumble Mates
The First Years Winnie the Pooh Trainer Cups



AVOID THESE CAN BE TOXIC
#3 PVC
Evenflo Soft Bite Spoon "Vinyl, PVC-free"

#7 Other (Usually Polycarbonate)
Avent Baby Bottles
Evenflo Baby Bottles (clear, untinted)
Gerber Baby Bottles (clear)
Gerber Looney Tunes Spill Proof Cups
Gerber Suzy’s Zoo Spill Proof Cups
First Sipster Trainer Cup
Playtex Kinder-Grip Bottles
Sassy MAM 3-Step Baby Bottles
The First Years Baby Bottles
Tuppercare Baby Bottles
VentAire Bottle

Tips and Alternatives

Here are a few suggestions you can follow to reduce plastics and toxic exposure in your home:

• Avoid single-use, disposable packaging

• Buy food in glass or metal containers

• Avoid heating food in plastic containers

• Avoid storing fatty foods, such as meat and cheese, in plastic containers or plastic wrap

• Bring your own containers to salad bars, yogurt shops, etc.--anywhere you'll be served in plastic

• Avoid plastic cutlery and dinnerware, especially when cooking or heating food; use stainless steel or wooden utensils and look for recycled paper products.

• Use wood instead of plastic cutting boards and spray your wooden board with a mist of vinegar, then with a mix of hydrogen peroxide, to kill bacteria

• When purchasing cling-wrapped food from the supermarket or deli, slice off a thin layer where the food came into contact with the plastic and store the rest in a glass or ceramic container, or non-PVC cling wrap (see Shopping Suggestions)

• You can also write a letter to manufacturers of food and drink packaged in plastics, indicating your concern about plastics--especially if their packaging is #3, #6 or #7. Tell them you are actively seeking products packaged in safe, reusable glass, metal and recycled paper. Ask manufacturers for a mailing address by calling their toll-free question/comment line, usually listed on the back of the product; alternatively, you can find their mailing address on their website.

Labels: Toxic, Plastic, Health
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Friday, August 10, 2007

The Dirty Dozen: 12 Products You Should Avoid

Avoid: Plastic food containers with Bisphenol-A (BPA)

You'll recognize these polycarbonate bottles and containers by their #7 recycling codes. Health concerns have dogged BPA for years. If you really must use plastic, choose BPA-free varieties (such as those marked with #2, #4, and #5 codes).
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The Dirty Dozen: 12 Products You Should Avoid

Dirty Dozen

By Chris Baskind
Thursday, 09 August 2007

So you've decided to take the plunge -- to embrace lighter living, start greening your life, and do something to help the the environment. But where to begin?

With moderating your consumption. You can dramatically reduce the size of your footstep on the planet just by making smarter choices in the things you buy and the amount your household uses. It's not something you have to do all at once: just commit to steady, incremental change. Small steps become big journeys over time.

Our article, Ten First Steps Toward Lighter Living, is a good place to get grounded. If you're ready to tak

e on taming your shopping cart, we've put together a list we call the Dirty Dozen. These are twelve unhealthy or resource-intensive products you should consider reducing or eliminating from your life entirely. Once you've tackled these, you'll probably think of others -- and you'll be well on your way to a lighter, more sustainable lifestyle.

Styrofoam

Polystyrene foam is actually quite recyclable, but most of it ends up in landfills or scattered around environment. Being made of petroleum, styrofoam is a non-renewable resource -- and it's not biodegradable. Carry your own reusable coffee mugs, skip the fast food, and use glass and metal storage containers whenever possible.

Plastic food containers with Bisphenol-A (BPA)

You'll recognize these polycarbonate bottles and containers by their #7 recycling codes. Health concerns have dogged BPA for years. If you really must use plastic, choose BPA-free varieties (such as those marked with #2, #4, and #5 codes). And be sure to recycle them when you're done.

Tropical hardwoods

Teak and Mahogany are beautiful, long-lasting woods. But worldwide demand has driven their irresponsible harvesting from old-growth forests, destroying wildlife and biodiversity in some of the world's most critical natural habitats. Don't know where the wood in that magnificent dining table was sourced? Leave it at the store, and look for goods manufactured through certified forestry programs.

Aluminum in cosmetics

Almost all commercial antiperspirants contain aluminum chlorohdrate or aluminum zirconium. Both are easily absorbed through the skin. While no definitive studies link them to cancer, some researchers remain concerned about their long term use -- particularly by women. We already get plenty of aluminum in our diet, thanks to anti-caking agents in processed foods. Fortunately, there are a wide variety of alternatives to conventional antiperspirants.

Incandescent bulbs

With relatively inexpensive CFL lightbulbs available everywhere you turn, it makes no sense to buy old-style bulbs for most applications. CFLs don't radiate light quite the same way as conventiona

l bulbs, so take some time to find out how to live with them. And since CFLs contain a small amount of mercury, be sure to dispose of them properly.

Helping handsPetroleum-based fabric sheets and laundry detergent

Sure, fabric sheets smell great. They're engineered that way -- with powerful chemicals. Like most laundry detergents, they're derived from non-renewable petroleum products. Switch to vegetable-based laundry soaps and seek out less potent alternatives to commercial dryer sheets.

Overpackaged goods

Ask any marketer: the store shelf is a retail battleground. Often, the first casualty is common sense when it comes to packaging. Unusual plastic bubble wraps; huge boxes for small products -- competition for your attention sometimes results in a wasteful mess. Rather than contributing to our already overcrowded landfills, vote for more responsible packaging with your feet. Buy something else, and let companies which overpackage their wares know why you're not a customer.

Paper towels and napkins

No, you needn't give up your toilet paper, as our friend Colin Beavan -- No-Impact Man -- and his family chose to do. Paper is a renewable resource, if properly managed. But let's face it: we squander more paper than we should. That means wasted trees and all the resources which went into farming them. And that, in turn, means more monoculture pulpwood forests, soil erosion, and chemicals used to keep tree-damaging pests away. There are some messes best cleaned up with paper, but couldn't you use more kitchen cloths and napkins? It takes a little planning, but makes a big difference. If you're interested in more environmentally friendly paper products, check out Colin's list at the No Impact Man site.

Plastic utensils

Like paper products, plastic utensils rate high on the waste scale. While some are marked for recycling, most convenient disposable cutlery gets used once and thrown away. Plastic is forever once it's in the environment, and the petroleum used to make it is increasingly precious. Consider some alternative strategies: portable metal mess kits for picnics, or simply washing plastic goods and using them again.

Disposable batteries

There are about 15 billion batteries manufactured each year. Most are alkaline batteries, discarded after a single duty cycle. Once sent to a landfill, they break down and begin leeching chemicals into the groundwater. Convenient, yes -- but so are rechargables. With all the electronic devices in our lives these days, it makes environmental (and financial) sense to switch to rechargeable Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) and Lithium Ion (Li-Ion) batteries. They're less toxic and save you money. But do your homework: not all batteries and chargers are appropriate for a given job. Check out GreenBatteries.com for helpful background information.

Commercial insecticides

If it's not good for bugs, it's probably not good for your family or your pets. In-home pesticide use has been linked to everything from lung disorders to Parkinson's Disease. Household insects are a destructive nuisance, and outdoor pests can become a public health issue. But there are less- and non-toxic ways of controlling bugs, from borax (a poison) to essential oils, select plants, and ways to make common insects feel less welcome in your cupboard. Get some tips from Organic Pest Control, or this Lighter Footstep article on taking the sting out of mosquitoes without pesticides.

Household cleaners

Your cleaner cabinet is filled with some of the most powerful toxins on the consumer market. Check the warning labels and lists of unpronounceable compounds: it's amazing some of these things are even sold at all. But old tried-and-true, natural cleaners will often do the trick without exposing your family to exotic chemical fumes and residues. Baking soda, vinegar, and salt are the backbone of a cleaner-and-greener home. Take those commercial cleaners to a hazardous disposal facility and start cleaning the natural way. It'll even save you money.

What could you add to this list? Please leave a comment or start a new topic in the Lighter Footstep Forums. And here's to your success on the road to low-impact living.






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's daily idea-dream for a better world

Wednesday, July 25, 2007

Healthier, Happier Lives By Helping Others - Why Good Things Happen To Good People

Researchers say giving leads to a healthier, happier life

Benefits of altruistic love are broken down in a new book, 'Why good things happen to good people.'

| Staff writer of The Christian Science Monitor
>From the July 25, 2007 edition
http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/0725/p13s02-lire.htm


During his childhood on Long Island, N.Y., Stephen Post absorbed a lesson that is playing out powerfully in his and others' lives.

"Whenever I would get into an unhappy, down mood, my mother would always say, 'Well, Stevie, why don't you go out and help somebody,' " he recalls. "I would go out and rake leaves or help a neighbor put canvas over a boat."

He still remembers those small moments vividly because they did make him feel better. And they gave him the impression that helping others was rewarding. Now he knows it for sure.

For the past five years, Dr. Post has been funding research projects that test how altruism, compassion, and giving affect people's lives and well-being.

As head of the Institute for Research on Unlimited Love (IRUL), at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, he has sponsored more than 50 studies by scientists from 54 major universities. In a wide range of disciplines – from public health to human development to neuroscience, sociology, and evolutionary biology

– the studies have demonstrated that love and caring expressed in doing good for others lead people to have healthier, happier, and even longer lives.

"Giving is the most potent force on the planet ... and will protect you your whole life," says Post, a bioethicist who has taught in the medical school at Case Western for 19 years.

IRUL research is part of a significant shift under way within key scientific disciplines from focusing just on the deficit or disease model of human nature to studying the positive, virtuous, and thriving aspects. In the process, the research is broadening the understanding of what contributes to health and longevity.


'It's abundantly clear from a number of studies that people who live generous lives also live happier lives.'
– Stephen Post, bioethicist, Case Western Reserve University



"For a long time, medicine was boxed into a biomedical model ... but there's a need for a broader view," says Doug Oman, of the University of California at Berkeley's School of Public Health. "There's an ongoing, probably long process of trying to conceptualize ... influences on health that take into account classical virtues and spirituality.... Compassion and altruism are key topics for expanding that understanding."

Even some in evolutionary biology, a field long known for proclaiming "the selfish gene," are on board.

"A lot of my colleagues view it very positively," says David Sloan Wilson, a prominent evolutionary biologist famous for his work on "group selection." Dr. Wilson has studied how altruistic teenagers fare within differing social environments – situations where they thrive and others where they are under great stress – as well as group altruism. He praises the institute for identifying and supporting "a neglected set of subjects" for research.

So encouraging are empirical results on altruistic love, that Post and science journalist Jill Neimark have co-written a new book to share the findings, titled "Why Good Things Happen to Good People." The findings include, for example:

•Generous behavior reduces depression and risk of suicide in adolescents.

•Actively helping others during the teenage years promotes good physical and mental health all the way into late adulthood.

•Volunteerism on the part of older adults significantly reduces mortality.

•Giving to others enables people to forgive themselves for mistakes, a key element in well-being.

•Praying for others reduces health difficulties among older adults.

The book also highlights stories of lives that have been transformed by generous living. And it devotes a chapter to each of 10 ways of giving to others that have proven to increase life satisfaction: nurturing, celebration, forgiveness, courage to speak out, humor, respect, compassion, loyalty, creativity, and listening.

Post has created a "Love and Longevity Scale" that offers readers practical guidelines for scoring their own habits (20 questions for each of the 10 ways of giving) – and creating their own plans for a more caring lifestyle.

Among the compelling stories is that of Jean Vanier, a former Canadian navy commander who founded the L'Arche Communities – now in 34 countries – where people with and without intellectual disabilities live together. The communities have had a profound impact on thousands of individuals who participate.

"It's abundantly clear from a number of studies that people who live generous lives also live happier lives," says Post, an ebullient man who clearly revels in the work he's doing. "Science is showing us that the transformation toward greater love that is taught in the great religions has an empirical credibility."

Over the past decade, some 500 studies have shown the power of unselfish love. A 2004 study of more than 100 communities by the University of Essex in England, for instance, revealed that neighborhoods with the highest levels of volunteerism had less crime, better schools, and happier, healthier residents. This was true in every case studied, from the inner city to the rural village.

Research on people diagnosed with various illnesses – whether it be HIV/AIDS, multiple sclerosis, or alcoholism – revealed that those patients involved in counseling or otherwise serving others show greater improvement in their own health.

Volunteerism studies have demonstrated such positive results that some people have called for doctors to prescribe volunteer activities.

Post emphasizes, however, that it's not just the activity itself, but the feelings behind the acts that benefit those taking part. "Some people are good to others out of a sense of duty or obligation, but ... it's the love or caring underlying the action" that affects people, he says.

One study on the brain, for instance, involved people being asked to check a box next to the charity that most excites them. "The part of the brain that is deeply emotional lights up – the part that doles out feel-good chemicals like serotonin and dopamine," Post says. "Just when they think they are going to help that organization."

Numerous studies on the brain have provided images that confirm the "helper's high" – the warm glow that people feel from helping activities. But Post doesn't conclude that it's the selfish pursuit of that high that spurs people to be givers.

"It's not just from the chemicals. There is this neurological activity in the human body," he says, "but I think there is a spiritual presence that enlivens and elevates this kind of natural substrate."

He points to powerful examples that show much more than a selfish gene at work, such as the Holocaust rescuers – people who endangered the lives of themselves and their families to rescue Jews – as well as the helpers who rushed to the World Trade Center site after 9/11, and to the Gulf Coast after Katrina.

"When we cope with catastrophic situations, that incredible capacity for widespread kindness and compassion becomes so palpable," he adds.

The IRUL has been funded by the Templeton Foundation and has other major studies under way. Big projects in the current phase of funding focus on "Agape Love and Happiness," "Perceptions of Divine Love," and the "Epidemiology of Goodness."

The institute will then turn very practical, Post says, taking all that has been learned about love and seeing "how it can be applied in interventions to make the world a better place."